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CLIP: Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision (Radford et al.)

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Source cover or paper first page: Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision

CLIP asks whether natural-language descriptions can teach a visual model more flexibly than a fixed set of class labels.

Radford and colleagues train image and text encoders on 400 million image-text pairs using a contrastive objective.

Text prompts then describe new categories, allowing the model to attempt classification without task-specific labeled training examples.

The paper evaluates transfer across more than 30 vision datasets and examines robustness, prompting, and the limits of the approach.

This foundational study provides a historical counterpart to the JEPA paper: paired contrastive training offers one route to shared visual and linguistic representations.

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